SEPTIC TANKS
What is a septic tank?
A septic tank is an underground wastewater treatment system commonly used in areas without access to a centralised sewer system. It provides an efficient and cost effective way to treat and dispose of household wastewater.
How do septic tanks work?
Wastewater Collection
All the wastewater generated from toilets, sinks, showers, and other household sources is directed to the septic tank through a network of pipes. The septic tank is usually buried in the ground near the house.
Separation of Solids and Liquids
Once the wastewater enters the septic tank, it undergoes a process of separation. The tank is divided into two compartments or chambers, allowing the wastewater to flow through the tank while promoting the settling of solids at the bottom. Solid waste, known as sludge, sinks to the bottom, while lighter materials such as oils and fats float to the top, forming a layer called scum.
Anaerobic Digestion
Inside the septic tank, bacteria naturally present in the wastewater begin to break down the organic matter through a process called anaerobic digestion. This process occurs in the absence of oxygen and leads to the decomposition of the solids, converting them into gases, liquids, and a partially treated effluent.
Effluent Treatment
The partially treated effluent, which contains water along with dissolved organic matter, flows from the septic tank into the drain field or leach field. The drain field consists of a network of perforated pipes or chambers buried in gravel or soil. The effluent is evenly distributed in the drain field, allowing further treatment to occur as it percolates through the soil.
Why choose a septic tank?
This decision will be generally guided by a Land Capability Assessment, in addition to an application to the council. Septic tanks are cost-effective and can be low maintenance. A Sustainable Wastewater Solutions expert will be able to assist with guiding you further.
